Given a string S and a string T, count the number of distinct subsequences of T in S.

A subsequence of a string is a new string which is formed from the original string by deleting some (can be none) of the characters without disturbing the relative positions of the remaining characters. (ie, "ACE" is a subsequence of "ABCDE"while "AEC" is not).

Example

Solution: Dynamic Programming

Version 1. O(m*n)time O(m*n)space
f[i][j] means the number of different ways to select first j chars of T from first i chars from S, 即从S的前i个字符中挑出T的前j个字符 有多少种方案
f[i][j] = f[i-1][j-1] + f[i-1][j] //S[i]=T[j]
= f[i-1][j] //S[i]!=T[j]

public int numDistinct(String S, String T) {
    //f[i][j] means the number of different ways to select first j chars of T from first i chars from S
    //从S的前i个字符中挑出T的前j个字符 有多少种方案
    //f[i][j] = f[i-1][j-1] + f[i-1][j] //S[i]=T[j]
    //      = f[i-1][j] //S[i]!=T[j]
    if (S == null || T == null || S.length() < T.length()) {
        return 0;
    }
    int[][] numDistinct = new int[S.length() + 1][T.length() + 1];
    for (int i = 0; i <= S.length(); i++) {
        numDistinct[i][0] = 1;
    }
    for (int i = 1; i <= S.length(); i++) {
        for (int j = 1; j <= i && j <= T.length(); j++) {
            if (S.charAt(i - 1) == T.charAt(j - 1)) {
                numDistinct[i][j] = numDistinct[i - 1][j - 1] + numDistinct[i - 1][j];
            } else {
                numDistinct[i][j] = numDistinct[i - 1][j];
            }
        }
    }
    return numDistinct[S.length()][T.length()];
}

Version 2. O(m*n) time, O(n)space

just mod 2 for the row index. Rolling array.

public int numDistinct(String S, String T) {
    if (S == null || T == null || S.length() < T.length()) {
        return 0;
    }
    int[][] numDistinct = new int[2][T.length() + 1];
    for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
        numDistinct[i][0] = 1;
    }
    for (int i = 1; i <= S.length(); i++) {
        for (int j = 1; j <= i && j <= T.length(); j++) {
            if (S.charAt(i - 1) == T.charAt(j - 1)) {
                numDistinct[i % 2][j] = numDistinct[(i - 1) % 2][j - 1] + numDistinct[(i - 1) % 2][j];
            } else {
                numDistinct[i % 2][j] = numDistinct[(i - 1) % 2][j];
            }
        }
    }
    return numDistinct[S.length() % 2][T.length()];
}

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